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Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL),which is a common and frequently encountered disease,is considered to be a medical emergency in otolaryngology.The prevalence of SSHL is increasing in China.The pathogenesis of SSHL is not clear yet.Microcirculatory disorder of inner ear is considered as one of the most important causes of SSHL.In recent years,several reports have found the levels of serum lipids were changed in patients affected by SSHL.The relationship between SSHL and serum lipids was reviewed to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of SSHL.
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Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of diphtheria toxin on cochlear structure and auditory function of adult wildtype mice.Methods The auditory-mature wild type C57BL/6J mice 4 weeks old were randomly devided into 50 ng/g group, 100 ng/g group and control group.C57BL/6J mice in the 50 ng/g or 100 ng/g group were injected 50 ng/g or 100 ng/g diphtheria toxin intraperitoneally for one time, respectively, and the control mice were injected equal volume of normal saline for one time.Then we investigated the ABR threshold change and morphological change of inner and outer hair cell and spiral ganglion neuron 7 days after the injection.Results At 7 day post diphtheria toxin injection compared with those of in control group, in the 50 ng/g group, there was no threshold elevation across frequencies(8 kHz ABR threshold was 20.0±3.78 and 20.83±2.04 dB SPL for 50 ng/g and control respectively), and no loss of inner and outer hair cells (for both groups, the HC loss rates were 0.3%~1%) or SGN (the SGN density was 39.45±3.65, 41.03±3.73/105 μm2, in 50 ng/g and control, respectively).However, the 100 ng/g group, compared with those of in control group, the ABR threshold (8 kHz ABR threshold was 63.0±4.47 dB SPL, respectively)was significantly elevated across each frequency(t=19.62,P<0.001), and there was significant loss of outer hair cell (the loss rate of IHC and OHC was 0.5%±0.1%, 10.7%±0.3%, respectively), which was 10% loss in the apical, middle and basal turn(t=42.219,P<0.001).And the loss of spiral ganglion neuron (the SGN density was 25.55±3.66/105 μm2) was 38%, which was significantly different from the control(t=10.985,P<0.001).Conclusion High dose injection of diphtheria toxin can cause loss of outer hair cell and spiral ganglion neuron in wild type auditory-mature C57BL/6J mice.
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OBJECTIVE@#To examine the value of self-treatment for Posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (PC-BPPV). The treatment effect was compared between patients treated with modified Epley in outpatient clinic combined with self treatment at home and patients treated by modified Epley alone.@*METHOD@#A randomized controlled trial were carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University from December 2012 to May 2013. 147 out of 150 patients with unilateral idiopathic BPPV-PSC were enrolled in follow-up. Among which, 73 patients were allocated in modified Epley-alone group and 74 were allocated in slef-treatment group.@*RESULT@#The success rate was 53.4% in modified Epley-alone group vs 83.8% in self-treatment group (P 0.05), the risk rate was 0.752, 95% CI (0.486 - 1.163). In the self-treatment group, the success rate of hand repositioning group and chair-assisted repositioning group was 87.5% vs 81.0% (P > 0.05), the risk rate was 1.081, 95% CI (0.888-1.316). Incidence rate of serious complications was 0% in the modified Epley-alone group and 1.3% in the self-treatment group (P > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Complementary self-treatment with modified Epley maneuver treated PC-BPPV sooner and more effectively, Compared with modified Epley maneuver alone. And its incidence rate of serious complications didn't increase. Chair-assisted repositioning showed better result than hand repositioning alone, and self-treatment at home can reduce the effect of the gap. We found that complementary self-treatment with modified Epley maneuver had more benefits for patients with PC-BPPV.
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo , Therapeutics , Follow-Up Studies , Patient Positioning , Methods , Self Care , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective:To construct eukaryotic expression plasmids of pneumocystis carinii p55-v3 and p55-v0 antigenic genes and to identify their expression in COS-7 cells at mRNA level.Methods:Pneumocystis carinii total RNA was used as the template to amplify p55-v3 and p55-v0 antigenic gene by RT-PCR.The products were connected to pTA2 vector and then cloned in pVAX1 eukaryotic expression vector to construct recombinant plasmids as pVAX-p55-v3 and pVAX-p55-v0.After propagated in E.coli DH5α,the recombinant plasmids were transfected into COS-7 cells.After 24 h incubation,the RT-PCR was performed to identify the mRNA expression of p55-v3 and p55-v0 antigenic gene.Results:The recombinant plasmids were qualified by restrictive endonuclease digestion and sequencing.And when compared with that in GenBank,the homology of p55-v3 antigenic gene was 99.9% in nucleotides and 100% in amino acid.The homology between p55-v0 antigenic gene and the one reported previously in nucleotide and amino acid seguence were 99.8% and 100%.The results of RT-PCR confirmed that p55-v3 and p55-v0 antigenic genes were transfected into COS-7 cells successfully and the genes were expressed in the cells.Conclusion:In this study,the recombinant plasmids of pVAX-p55-v3 and pVAX-p55-v0 are conducted successfully and expressed in the COS-7 cells,which provide a basis for clarification of immunologic function of p55-v3 and study of DNA vaccine.
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This study sought to amplify the CDS region of p55-v0 and p55-v3 gene in Pneumocystis carinii (PC) and to analyze their sequences.The total RNA extracted from PC- infected lungs of rats were used as the template to amplify these genes by RT-PCR.The amplified products were connected to T-vector and transformed into E.coli DH5α.The recombinant T-vectors were selected in LB culture medium containing ampicillin.Then the positive clones of recombinants were identified by PCR and digested by restrictive endonuclease.After that the recombinant were sequenced and analyzed.It was found that the CDS region of p55-v0 gene contained 1245 bps,encoding 414 amino acids.The homology between this sequence and the one reported previously in nucleotide and amino acid were 99.8% and 100% respectively.Meanwhile,the CDS region of p55-v3 contained 1053 bps,encoding 350 amino acids.As compared with GenBank,the homology in nucleotide and amino acid was 99.9% and 100% respectively.However,the similarity in nucleotide between p55-v3 and p55-v0 was just 20.9%.In this study,the CDS regions of p55-v0 and p55-v3 gene were cloned successfully,and the high homology was found between p55-v0,p55-v3 and the one reported previously by sequence analysis,p55-v3 was different from p55-v0 in nucleotides and amino acids.This result would provide a basis for comparison of immunologic functions so as to explore the mechanism of action of the p55-v3 gene.
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OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the economic effectiveness of different pharmacotherapeutic schemes for the same disease.METHODS： Using pharmacoeconomical cost-effectiveness analysis， six schemes for upper urinary tract infections were compared.RESULTS： The total effective rate and cost were both the lowest in group B(70.00％ ).The cost-effectiveness ratios of A， B， C， D， E， F were 28.60、 19.13、 43.27、 29.99、 43.02、 29.14， respectively.They became 23.65、 18.01、 34.00、 24.87、 33.91、 24.20 by sensitivity.CONCLUSION： The A and F were both the most inexpensive and effective schemes.